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共热解 1

木聚糖 1

木质素 1

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聚乙烯 1

能源安全；新型电力系统；应急预警；共享互济；安全防御；战略框架 1

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A PLATFORM TO AID SELECT THE OPTIMAL TOOL TO DESIGN GUIDE RNAS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》页码 296-305 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022479

摘要：

● Summaries on sgRNAs design.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas Aid-TG gene editing sgRNA design web server

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Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 201-216 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0324-4

摘要：

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates the secondary antibody diversification process in B lymphocytes. In mammalian B cells, this process includes somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR), both of which require AID. AID induces U:G mismatch lesions in DNA that are subsequently converted into point mutations or DNA double stranded breaks during SHM/CSR. In a physiological context, AID targets immunoglobulin (Ig) loci to mediate SHM/CSR. However, recent studies reveal genome-wide access of AID to numerous non-Ig loci. Thus, AID poses a threat to the genome of B cells if AID-initiated DNA lesions cannot be properly repaired. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the specificity of AID targeting and the repair pathways responsible for processing AID-initiated DNA lesions.

关键词： class switch recombination somatic hypermutation activation-induced deaminase DNA repair genomic instability

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Study on HCl removal for medical waste pyrolysis and combustion using a TG-FTIR analyzer

Hongmei ZHU,Weiying CHEN,Xuguang JIANG,Jianhua YAN,Yong CHI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 230-239 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0651-3

摘要： Under both pyrolysis and combustion condition, HCl removal efficiency for medical waste with Ca-based additives was semi-quantitatively studied by means of TG-FTIR. Additionally, the difference of HCl removal efficiency for PVC and medical waste was compared. Experimental results showed that: 1) Thermal degradation of medical waste mainly took place in two steps under both pyrolysis and combustion condition; 2) HCl emitted at both two steps and HCl concentration increased with the increased of Cl ratio in the medical waste; 3) for the same additive, HCl concentration decreased with the increased of additives amount, that is to say, HCl removal efficiency of medical waste increased as the increased of Ca/Cl molar ratio. Fourth, when Ca(OH) was used as additive, HCl removal efficiency for medical waste combustion was a little higher than that for medical waste pyrolysis, but either CaCO or CaO was used as additive, it was just opposite, more specifically, when CaCO was used as additive with Ca/Cl=1.3, HCl removal efficiency was 5.49% under pyrolysis condition, but that was only 4.24% under combustion condition. Fifth, under the same Ca/Cl molar ratio, HCl removal efficiency for PVC was higher than that for medical waste under both pyrolysis and combustion condition, more specifically, when Ca(OH) was used as additive with Ca/Cl=1, HCl removal efficiency was 64.51% for PVC, but that was only 27.66% for medical waste pyrolysis with 4% Cl under pyrolysis condition.

关键词： pollution medical waste pyrolysis combustion TG-FTIR HCl removal

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Pyrolysis behaviors of oil sludge based on TG/FTIR and PY-GC/MS

Wei SONG, Jianguo LIU, Yongfeng NIE,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 59-64 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0152-y

摘要： Pyrolysis is an alternative technology for oil sludge treatment. Thermogravimetric Analysis-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry were employed to investigate the pyrolysis process and products of oil sludge. The pyrolysis process was divided into five stages: drying and gas desorption, oil volatilization, main pyrolysis, semi-coke charring, and mineral decomposition. The main reaction temperatures ranged from 497.6 K to 753.2 K. The products were mainly composed of pairs of alkane and alkene (carbon number ranges from 1 to 27). The mechanisms consisted of random chain scission followed by end chain scission at high temperatures with volatilization occurring during the whole process. This study is useful not only for the proper design of a pyrolysis system, but also for improving the utilization of liquid oil products.

关键词： oil sludge pyrolysis Thermogravimetric Analysis-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (PY-GC/MS)

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A novel classification method for aid decision of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 432-439 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0511-1

摘要：

Traditional Chinese patent medicines are widely used to treat stroke because it has good efficacy in the clinical environment. However, because of the lack of knowledge on traditional Chinese patent medicines, many Western physicians, who are accountable for the majority of clinical prescriptions for such medicine, are confused with the use of traditional Chinese patent medicines. Therefore, the aid-decision method is critical and necessary to help Western physicians rationally use traditional Chinese patent medicines. In this paper, Manifold Ranking is employed to develop the aid-decision model of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment. First, 115 stroke patients from three hospitals are recruited in the cross-sectional survey. Simultaneously, traditional Chinese physicians determine the traditional Chinese patent medicines appropriate for each patient. Second, particular indicators are explored to characterize the population feature of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment. Moreover, these particular indicators can be easily obtained by Western physicians and are feasible for widespread clinical application in the future. Third, the aid-decision model of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment is constructed based on Manifold Ranking. Experimental results reveal that traditional Chinese patent medicines can be differentiated. Moreover, the proposed model can obtain high accuracy of aid decision.

关键词： traditional Chinese patent medicines stroke aid decision data mining manifold ranking

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Estimation of photolysis half-lives of dyes in a continuous-flow system with the aid of quantitative

Davoud BEIKNEJAD,Mohammad Javad CHAICHI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第5期页码 683-692 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0680-y

摘要： In this paper the photolysis half-lives of the model dyes in water solutions and under ultraviolet (UV) radiation were determined by using a continuous-flow spectrophotometric method. A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study was carried out using 21 descriptors based on different chemometric tools including stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares (PLS) for the prediction of the photolysis half-life ( ) of dyes. For the selection of test set compounds, a K-means clustering technique was used to classify the entire data set, so that all clusters were properly represented in both training and test sets. The QSPR results obtained with these models show that in MLR-derived model, photolysis half-lives of dyes depended strongly on energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital ( ), largest electron density of an atom in the molecule ( ) and lipophilicity (log ). While in the model derived from PLS, besides aforementioned and descriptors, the molecular surface area ( ), molecular weight ( ), electronegativity ( ), energy of the second highest occupied molecular orbital ( ) and dipole moment ( ) had dominant effects on logt values of dyes. These were applicable for all classes of studied dyes (including monoazo, disazo, oxazine, sulfonephthaleins and derivatives of fluorescein). The results were also assessed for their consistency with findings from other similar studies.

关键词： dye photolysis half-life quantitative structure-property relationship continuous-flow stepwise multiple linear regression partial least squares

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美国发布新规定以降低助听器购买门槛

Mitch Leslie

《工程（英文）》 2022年第14卷第7期页码 7-9 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.05.008

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TG-MS研究生物质组分与聚乙烯共热解特性

范洪刚,顾菁,王亚琢,袁浩然,何明阳,孙富安

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第3期页码 102-108 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.03.015

摘要：

为了探索生物质主要组分在与塑料共热解过程中的协同效应和小分子气体产物的变化规律，笔者采用热重-质谱联用（TG-MS）技术研究纤维素、木聚糖共热解样品的混合比例为1∶1（w/w），TG实验得到了各单组分以及混合组分的失重区间，通过对单组分TG数据的拟合得到理论值与实验值，比较得到混合组分在共热解过程中存在协同效应，可促进样品的分解。

关键词：纤维素木聚糖木质素聚乙烯共热解

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Investigations on dehydration processes of trisodium citrate hydrates

Junyan GAO, Yanlei WANG, Hongxun HAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 276-281 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1206-4

摘要： The dehydration processes of trisodium citrate (Na C H O ) hydrates were investigated using thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). It was found that the temperature of dehydration of trisodium citrate dihydrate was at 430.99 K. For trisodium citrate pentahydrate, there is a two-step dehydration process and the endothermal peaks appear at 337.23 K and 433.83 K, respectively. During the first step of dehydration process, the structure of trisodium citrate pentahydrate changed into the structure of trisodium citrate dihydrate. In addition, the kinetics of dehydration for trisoidum citrate hydrates was also investigated using TG data. According to the activation energies of dehydration calculated by Ozawa equation, it was found that the dehydration mechanisms of the two hydrates were different.

关键词： trisodium citrate dehydration TG/DSC PXRD

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Research on combustion characteristics of bio-oil from sewage sludge

Rui LI, Baosheng JIN, Xiangru JIA, Zhaoping ZHONG, Gang XIAO, Xufeng FU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 161-166 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0057-0

摘要： Combustion characteristics of bio-oil from sewage sludge were investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The combustion process could be divided into two weight loss stages. Light compounds volatilized and were oxidized in the first stage and the heterogeneous combustion between oxygen and heavy compounds happened in the second stage, which were confirmed by FT-IR technique. Most weight loss occurred in the first stage. The effect of heating rate was also studied and higher heating rates were found to facilitate the combustion process. The kinetic parameters of the two stages were calculated and the change of activation energy indicated higher heating rates benefited combustion.

关键词： bio-oil from sewage sludge fast pyrolysis combustion characteristics TG-FT-IR kinetic

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Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 44-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0360-z

摘要：

During the second half of the twentieth century, Soviet scientists were among the world leaders in the theory and geometry of gearing or the theoretical fundamentals of designing gears and gear-cutting tools. The authors of the current paper review works related to the development of the theory of gearing (TG) written in Russian from the mid-1930s to the present. Overall, the review covers more than 400 publications of nearly 200 authors (among more than 1000 studied works). This review involves some works on gear strength and accuracy to attract more experts.

This paper presents a short list of works from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century and discusses the basic concepts of the TG. This paper also includes a review of more than 160 papers in Russian for the period of 1935–1975, which is the “golden age” of the TG. The main features and achievements during this period are also considered.

The distinctive feature of this review is the use of diagrams that visually present TG experts and the dates and themes of their published works. The diagrams also show the following aspects: 1) The most popular and important themes in a specific period, 2) the most important publications on the themes of interest to readers, and 3) the direction of the works and scope of interests of every researcher.

关键词： theory of gearing (TG) gear geometry generating surface gear synthesis gear analysis

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Mechanism study on cellulose pyrolysis using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy

WANG Shurong, LIU Qian, LUO Zhongyang, WEN Lihua, CEN Kefa

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 413-419 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0060-8

摘要： Based on the investigation of the polysaccharide structure of cellulose by using Fourier transform spectrum analysis, the pyrolysis behaviour of cellulose was studied at a heating rate of 20 K/min by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis

关键词： cellulose transform polysaccharide investigation TG

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Thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis study on thermal treatment of monopotassium phosphate residue

Yuheng FENG, Xuguang JIANG, Yong CHI, Xiaodong LI, Hongmei ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 186-192 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0322-6

摘要： In China, safe disposal of hazardous waste is more and more a necessity, urged by rapid economic development. The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of a residue from producing monopotassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate residue), considered as a hazardous waste, were studied using a thermogravimetric, coupled with Fourier transform infrared analyzer (TG-FTIR). Both pyrolysis and combustion runs can be subdivided into three stages: drying, thermal decomposition, and final devolatilization. The average weight loss rate during fast thermal decomposition stage in pyrolysis is higher than combustion. Acetic acid, methane, pentane, (acetyl) cyclopropane, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, CO, and CO were distinguished in the pyrolysis process, while CO was the dominant combustion product.

关键词： hazardous waste combustion pyrolysis thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR) monopotassium phosphate residue

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能源安全格局下新型电力系统发展战略框架

汤广福 ,周静 ,庞辉 ,林俊杰 ,范征 ,吴亚楠 ,贺之渊 ,马士聪 ,薛峰 ,周保荣

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第2期页码 79-88 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.010

摘要：

构建新型电力系统是实现碳达峰、碳中和战略目标，确保能源安全转型的关键路径；电力系统作为当前规模最大、层次复杂、强非线性的人造系统，是未来能源转型的核心，而新能源发电的波动性、随机性将使电力系统安全面临严峻挑战。本文结合我国能源安全转型面临的新形势、新挑战，明确了能源安全涉及的供给、环境、经济、科技等方面的内涵；探讨了能源转型的发展目标与战略路径，阐述了新型电力系统对于能源安全的重要性；剖析了影响新型电力系统安全发展的电源、电网、负荷、储能、市场、技术等关键环节。研究认为，需从应急预警、共享互济、安全防御3 个层面着手，构建新型电力系统安全发展所需的核心体系；进一步提出了新型电力系统发展路径研究的基本思路，以期为新型电力系统构建及安全发展研究提供基础参考。

关键词：能源安全；新型电力系统；应急预警；共享互济；安全防御；战略框架

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标题作者时间类型操作

A PLATFORM TO AID SELECT THE OPTIMAL TOOL TO DESIGN GUIDE RNAS

期刊论文

Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes

null

期刊论文

Study on HCl removal for medical waste pyrolysis and combustion using a TG-FTIR analyzer

Hongmei ZHU,Weiying CHEN,Xuguang JIANG,Jianhua YAN,Yong CHI

期刊论文

Pyrolysis behaviors of oil sludge based on TG/FTIR and PY-GC/MS